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Objective To clarify the impairment mechanisms of acute hyperglycemia in the first-phase insulin se-cretion in mice. Methods The mouse model of acute glucose toxicity was established by glucose infusion through jugular vein catheterization. The glucose and insulin levels were assessed by IPGTT and OGTT in the mice of acute hyperglycemia and control groups. The histology of pancreatic islets was observed using HE staining and the insulin granules and other cy-toplasmic organelles were observed by electron microscopy. Results The mouse model of acute hyperglycemia was suc-cessfully established. The IPGTT showed that the blood glucose level was decreased by 87% ( 10. 3 ± 0. 33 mmol/L vs. 19. 3 ± 1. 66 mmol/L) at 15 min in the acute hyperglycemia group compared with the control group. The OGTT showed that the blood glucose level was decreased by 85% (9. 8 ± 0. 31 mmol/L vs. 18. 16 ± 1. 01 mmol/L) at 30 min in the acute hy-perglycemia group compared with the control group. However, the peak values of insulin secretion were delayed in both IPGTT and OGTT. Insulin levels at 2. 8 and 16. 7 mmol/L glucose stimulation in the acute hyperglycemia group was de-clined by 46% and 67% than the control group, respectively (P<0. 05). Residual insulin content in isletβcells was de-clined by 49% at 2. 8 mmol/L and 94% at 16. 7 mmol/L glucose infusion than the control group (P<0. 05). The histolo-gy showed irregular structure of pancreatic islets in the acute hyperglycemia group. The electron microscopy revealed that the amount of insulin granules was decreased, and more cytoplasmic vacuoles and swollen mitochondria were observed. Conclusions Acute intravenous glucose load decreases insulin content of isletβcells, leading to decrease and delay of the first-phase insulin secretion.
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Objective To clarify the impairment mechanisms of acute hyperglycemia in the first-phase insulin se-cretion in mice. Methods The mouse model of acute glucose toxicity was established by glucose infusion through jugular vein catheterization. The glucose and insulin levels were assessed by IPGTT and OGTT in the mice of acute hyperglycemia and control groups. The histology of pancreatic islets was observed using HE staining and the insulin granules and other cy-toplasmic organelles were observed by electron microscopy. Results The mouse model of acute hyperglycemia was suc-cessfully established. The IPGTT showed that the blood glucose level was decreased by 87% ( 10. 3 ± 0. 33 mmol/L vs. 19. 3 ± 1. 66 mmol/L) at 15 min in the acute hyperglycemia group compared with the control group. The OGTT showed that the blood glucose level was decreased by 85% (9. 8 ± 0. 31 mmol/L vs. 18. 16 ± 1. 01 mmol/L) at 30 min in the acute hy-perglycemia group compared with the control group. However, the peak values of insulin secretion were delayed in both IPGTT and OGTT. Insulin levels at 2. 8 and 16. 7 mmol/L glucose stimulation in the acute hyperglycemia group was de-clined by 46% and 67% than the control group, respectively (P<0. 05). Residual insulin content in isletβcells was de-clined by 49% at 2. 8 mmol/L and 94% at 16. 7 mmol/L glucose infusion than the control group (P<0. 05). The histolo-gy showed irregular structure of pancreatic islets in the acute hyperglycemia group. The electron microscopy revealed that the amount of insulin granules was decreased, and more cytoplasmic vacuoles and swollen mitochondria were observed. Conclusions Acute intravenous glucose load decreases insulin content of isletβcells, leading to decrease and delay of the first-phase insulin secretion.
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Objective@#To observe the effects of functional training combined with self-made hand flexing training band in treatment of scar contracture after burn injury of dorsal hand.@*Methods@#Forty-six patients with scar contracture after deep partial-thickness or full-thickness burn injury of dorsal hand hospitalized in our department from March 2013 to February 2015 were divided into routine training group (RT, n=18) and comprehensive training group (CT, n=28) according to their willingness. Two weeks after the wounds were healed, patients in group RT were treated with functional training of hands and self-made pressure gloves, while patients in group CT were treated with self-made hand flexing training band (consisting of nylon strap, flexing band, and velcro) on the basis of those in group RT. All patients were treated for 3 months. Before and after treatment, scar condition of affected hands was assessed with Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS). The range of motion of joints of affected hands was measured by Total Active Movement (TAM) Scale. The function of affected hands was evaluated by Carroll Upper Extremity Function Test. Data were processed with t test, chi-square test, and Mann-Whitney U test.@*Results@#(1) The score of VSS in patients of group RT was (10.0±1.9) points before treatment and (4.4±1.4) points after treatment, with the improved score of (5.6±1.0) points. The score of VSS in patients of group CT was (10.5±1.8) points before treatment and (4.6±1.4) points after treatment, with the improved score of (5.9±1.2) points. There was no statistically significant difference in the improved score of patients between the two groups (t=0.834, P>0.05). The score of VSS in patients of groups RT and CT after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment (with t values respectively 14.014 and 10.003, P values below 0.01). (2) Before treatment, the ratios of excellent and good results according to TAM were 2/9 in patients of group RT and 3/14 in group CT, with no statistical differences between them (χ2=2.140, P>0.05). After treatment, the ratio of excellent and good results according to TAM in patients of group CT (6/7) was higher than that in group RT (5/9, χ2=0.023, P=0.038). The ratios of excellent and good results according to TAM in patients of groups RT and CT after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (with Z values respectively -2.023 and -4.780, P values below 0.05). (3) The improved score of hand function in patients of group CT was (26±12) points, which was higher than (15±7) points in group RT (t=3.278, P=0.002). The score of hand function in patients of groups RT and CT after treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment (with t values respectively 2.628 and 6.125, P values below 0.05). There were no significant differences in grades of hand function of patients between the two groups before treatment (Z=-0.286, P>0.05). After treatment, the grade of hand function in patients of group CT was higher than that in group RT(Z=-1.993, P=0.046). The grades of hand function in patients of groups RT and CT after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (with Z values respectively -2.717 and -4.998, P values below 0.01).@*Conclusions@#For patients with scar contracture after burn injury of dorsal hand, early functional training combined with hand flexing training band can improve the range of motion of hand joints and functional recovery of hand, and the result was better than functional training alone.
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OBJECTIVE@#To determine the chemical structure of the new compound and investigate the protective effects of Tinosporaic acid A and B towards in-vitro neuro.@*METHODS@#The structures of two new compounds were established by analyzing its 1D and 2D NMR spectra as well as HRESIMS. Their neuroprotective effects with respect to the antioxidant properties were evaluated by radical scavenging tests and hydrogen peroxide-injured oxidative stress model in PC12 cell lines. Cell morphology of treated PC12 cells was observed by phase contrast microscopy. In-vitro MTT assay, lactate dehydrogenase activity assay and oxidative stress markers (intracellular ROS production, MDA level, and caspase-3 activity) were used to evaluate the protective effects against hydrogen peroxide induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells.@*RESULTS@#The two new compounds, named Tinosporaic acid A and B, were isolated and identified from the stem bark of Tinospora hainanensis. Cell viability studies identified a representative concentration for each extract that was subsequently used to measure oxidative stress markers. Both extracts were able to reverse the oxidative damage caused by hydrogen peroxide, thus promoting PC12 cells survival. The concentration of Tinosporaic acid A and B were 86.34 μg/mL and 22.06 μg/mL respectively, which is neuroprotective for EC50. The results indicated that both of them significantly attenuated hydrogen peroxide-induced neurotoxicity.@*CONCLUSION@#The two new compounds isolated from ethanol extracts of Tinospora hainanensis are the promising natural ones with neuroprotective activity and needed for further research.
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Brucella is a facultative intracellular pathogen that causes infection in domestic animal and humans,mainly parasitizing in cells and macrophages of hosts.Brucella can lead to abortion and sterility in animals.Meanwhile,it also causes arthralgia,weakness,undulat fever,hepatosplenomegaly and other symptoms in humans.Brucella relies on immune escape mechanism in the confrontation with the host.It can help Brucella "camouflage" to evade the identification of the immune system of the hosts and replicate within cells to persist to establish a long-term infection in the host.As a result of the existence of this mechanism,the treatment of Brucella infection is quite difficult.Type Ⅳ secretion system (T4SS) is a key virulence factor and it is essential for Brucella to survive in host cells.The effector proteins secreted by T4SS can help regulate the immune response against Brucella.In this article,we reviewed the studies on related proteins of the type Ⅳ secretion system of Brucella and its immune response,especially the relationship between the secretions of effector proteins mediated by VirB operon and immunity of the host.
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Objective To determine the chemical structure of the new compound and investigate the protective effects of Tinosporaic acid A and B towards in-vitro neuro. Methods The structures of two new compounds were established by analyzing its 1D and 2D NMR spectra as well as HRESIMS. Their neuroprotective effects with respect to the antioxidant properties were evaluated by radical scavenging tests and hydrogen peroxide-injured oxidative stress model in PC12 cell lines. Cell morphology of treated PC12 cells was observed by phase contrast microscopy. In-vitro MTT assay, lactate dehydrogenase activity assay and oxidative stress markers (intracellular ROS production, MDA level, and caspase-3 activity) were used to evaluate the protective effects against hydrogen peroxide induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. Results The two new compounds, named Tinosporaic acid A and B, were isolated and identified from the stem bark of Tinospora hainanensis. Cell viability studies identified a representative concentration for each extract that was subsequently used to measure oxidative stress markers. Both extracts were able to reverse the oxidative damage caused by hydrogen peroxide, thus promoting PC12 cells survival. The concentration of Tinosporaic acid A and B were 86.34 μg/mL and 22.06 μg/mL respectively, which is neuroprotective for EC50. The results indicated that both of them significantly attenuated hydrogen peroxide-induced neurotoxicity. Conclusion The two new compounds isolated from ethanol extracts of Tinospora hainanensis are the promising natural ones with neuroprotective activity and needed for further research.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate whether Hainan papayas has protective effects in an Aβ40-induced primary neuron injury model and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism.@*METHODS@#Cultured primary neurons from the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were treated with 20 μM Aβ40 peptide, 100 μg/L Hainan papaya water extract, peptide plus extract, or culture medium for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay, and neuronal apoptosis was evaluated by DAPI staining. ERK signaling pathway-associated molecule activation and changes in Bax expression were analyzed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence.@*RESULTS@#A cell viability rate of (44.11 ± 6.59)% in the Aβ40 group was rescued to (79.13 ± 6.64)% by adding different concentrations of the extract. DAPI showed pyknotic nuclei in 39.5% of Aβ40-treated cells; the fraction dropped to 17.4% in the 100 μg/L extract group. ERK phosphorylation was observed in the Aβ40 group but was ameliorated by pretreatment with 100 μg/L extract. Hainan papaya water extract also prevented Aβ40-induced phosphorylation of MEK, RSK1 and CREB associated with ERK signaling and downregulated Bax expression in the neurons.@*CONCLUSION@#The results suggest that Hainan papaya water extract has protective effects on neurons; the mechanism may be related to suppression of ERK signaling activation.
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Objective To investigate whether Hainan papayas has protective effects in an Aβ40-induced primary neuron injury model and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods Cultured primary neurons from the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were treated with 20 μM Aβ40 peptide, 100 μg/L Hainan papaya water extract, peptide plus extract, or culture medium for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay, and neuronal apoptosis was evaluated by DAPI staining. ERK signaling pathway-associated molecule activation and changes in Bax expression were analyzed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Results A cell viability rate of (44.11 ± 6.59)% in the Aβ40 group was rescued to (79.13 ± 6.64)% by adding different concentrations of the extract. DAPI showed pyknotic nuclei in 39.5% of Aβ40-treated cells; the fraction dropped to 17.4% in the 100 μg/L extract group. ERK phosphorylation was observed in the Aβ40 group but was ameliorated by pretreatment with 100 μg/L extract. Hainan papaya water extract also prevented Aβ40-induced phosphorylation of MEK, RSK1 and CREB associated with ERK signaling and downregulated Bax expression in the neurons. Conclusion The results suggest that Hainan papaya water extract has protective effects on neurons; the mechanism may be related to suppression of ERK signaling activation.
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In the wound healing process after a deep burn injury, improper treatment in the early stage and lack of functional rehabilitation measures in the late stage usually lead to hyperplastic scar, joint contracture, synarthrophysis, and other deformities. All of them may result in cosmetic and functional impairments, loss of work ability, poor life quality, and even psychopathy of the patients. Thus, the improvement in rehabilitation methods and the maximal recovery of appearance and functions have drawn intense attention. This article mainly discusses the prevention, systematic treatment principles and methods for the hyperplastic scar and scar contracture, as well as the problems need to be solved in burn rehabilitation, based on the introduction of the new advancement in the rehabilitation techniques.
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Humans , Burns , Rehabilitation , General Surgery , Cicatrix , Wound HealingABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of ultrashort wave combined with sequential pressure treatment on the functional recovery of deeply burned hands in the early stage of healed wounds in hands.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-five patients with burn of unilateral hand were hospitalized from July 2012 to June 2013 in our center. Injured hands of 35 patients were treated with active movement, ultrashort wave, sequential pressure therapy, and pressure gloves, and the other 30 patients were treated with active movement and pressure gloves 10-31 days after the wounds were healed according to the will of patients. The former 35 patients were regarded as comprehensive treatment (CT) group, and the latter 30 patients were regarded as routine treatment (RT) group. Before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment, the appearance of injured hands was observed; the circumference of the proximal segment of thumb, index, and middle fingers and that of the palmar crease and wrist crease were measured to evaluate swelling of injured hand; score and grade of function of injured hands were evaluated with a Carroll Upper Extremity Functional Test. Data were processed with t test and rank sum test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Four weeks after treatment, appearance of 30 injured hands in group CT was improved, which was close to that of the normal hand of each patient, while contracture deformity of metacarpophalangeal joints and interphalangeal joints was observed in the other 5 injured hands. Four weeks after treatment, no obvious change in the appearance of 17 injured hands in group RT was observed compared with that before treatment, while hyperextension of metacarpophalangeal joints, flexion of interphalangeal joints, and adduction deformity of thumb were observed in the other 13 hands. (2) Four weeks after treatment, the circumferential values of the proximal segment of thumb, index, and middle fingers and the palmar crease and wrist crease of injured hands in group CT were respectively lower than those before treatment (with t values 3.26-4.24, P values below 0.01), and the circumferential values of the proximal segment of thumb and middle fingers and the wrist crease of injured hands in group RT were respectively lower than those before treatment (with t values 2.02-2.44, P values below 0.05). The difference values of circumference values of the proximal segment of thumb, index, and middle fingers and the palmar crease and wrist crease of injured hands between before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment were respectively (0.491 ± 0.022), (0.583 ± 0.089), (0.486 ± 0.021), (1.100 ± 0.076), (0.751 ± 0.053) cm in group CT, which were significantly higher than those in group RT [(0.306 ± 0.021), (0.277 ± 0.022), (0.320 ± 0.027), (0.700 ± 0.052), (0.483 ± 0.048) cm, with t values respectively 5.94, 3.11, 5.02, 4.22, 3.68, P values below 0.01]. (3) Four weeks after treatment, scores of function of injured hands in groups CT and RT were respectively higher than those before treatment (with t values respectively 14.40 and 4.00, P values below 0.001), and the grades of function of injured hands were respectively improved (with u values respectively 6.93 and 3.29, P values below 0.01). The difference value of scores of function of injured hands between before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment was (51.1 ± 2.2) points in group CT, which was significantly higher than that of group RT [(32.5 ± 4.8) points, t = 3.52, P < 0.001].</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Ultrashort wave combined with sequential pressure and routine rehabilitation treatment of deeply burned hands in the early stage after wounds in hands are healed can obviously reduce the swelling of injured hands, which provides a favorable condition for active movements and systematic rehabilitation treatment later.</p>
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Humans , Burns , Rehabilitation , Therapeutics , Contracture , Hand Injuries , Rehabilitation , Therapeutics , Pressure , Recovery of Function , Treatment Outcome , Wound HealingABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore effect of srGAP3 promotes neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion neurons.@*METHODS@#In this study, expression of Slit1 was observed predominantly in the glia, while expression of Robo2 and srGAP3 was detected in sensory neurons of postnatal rat cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Furthermore, upregulation of srGAP3 following sciatic nerve transection was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#It was observed that inhibition of neurite outgrowth in cultured adult DRG neurons following treatment with anti-srGAP3 or anti-Robo2 was more effectively (1.5-fold higher) than that following treatment with an anti-BDNF positive control antibody. It demonstrated that srGAP3 interacted with Robo2 and Slit1 protein to decrease Rac1-GTP activity in cultured adult rat DRG neurons and the opposite effect on Rac1-GTP activity was detected by co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting analyses following treatment with anti-Robo2 or anti-srGAP3. These data demonstrated a role for srGAP3 in neurite outgrowth of DRG sensory neurons.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Our observations suggest that srGAP3 promotes neurite outgrowth and filopodial growth cones by interacting with Robo2 to inactivate Rac1 in mammalian DRG neurons.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , GTPase-Activating Proteins , Metabolism , Ganglia, Spinal , Cell Biology , Wounds and Injuries , Metabolism , Neurites , Metabolism , Neurons , Metabolism , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Signal Transduction , Physiology , cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein , Metabolism , rac1 GTP-Binding Protein , MetabolismABSTRACT
Joints involved in deep burn often result in joint contracture, limb dysfunction, psychological disorder, or even loss of living and working abilities. The management of post-burn joint contracture will directly orientate the functional recovery of the patients. Comprehensive intervention may prevent the contracture process of the affected joints. Orthoses application is an important measure and should be maintained throughout the whole process of burn care, from positioning the joints at the early stage to maintaining the range of joint motion at the late stage. Orthoses should be used on the premise of protecting the joint functions. In order to maintain the tissue tension while enhancing the joint mobility and muscle strength, the static orthoses and the dynamic orthoses are often alternately used. It is showed in clinical practice that orthoses are designed and applied on the basis that biomechanics will lead to a better outcome.
Subject(s)
Humans , Burns , Rehabilitation , Cicatrix , Rehabilitation , Contracture , Rehabilitation , Orthopedic Procedures , Orthotic DevicesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the differentially expressed proteins in the process of annexin 5 stimulating testosterone secretion in cultured rat Leydig cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Primary rat Leydig cells were cultured in vitro and treated with annexin 5 at the concentration of 1 nmol/L for 24 hours, and the cell proteins were extracted to be compared by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The differentially expressed protein spots were selected to be analyzed by mass spectrometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We obtained electrophoresis profiles with high resolution and reproducibility, found 50 differentially expressed protein spots, and identified 36 by mass spectrometry, of which 23 were overexpressed and 13 underexpressed in the Leydig cells treated with annexin 5.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Differentially expressed protein profiles were established in the process of annexin 5 stimulating testosterone secretion in cultured rat Leydig cells, and identified the key role of these proteins in testosterone secretion. Our findings might be helpful to illuminate the mechanism of annexin 5 regulating testosterone secretion in rat Leydig cells.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Annexin A5 , Pharmacology , Cells, Cultured , Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional , Leydig Cells , Metabolism , Mass Spectrometry , Proteins , Metabolism , Proteome , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Testosterone , Bodily SecretionsABSTRACT
Objective To propose prevention and management of vascular crisis according to cause analysis, and improve the survival rate of digital replantation. Methods The vascular crisis of 132 digits of 98 cases were observed during intraoperative. The replantation was performed under different time and different conditions. The causes of vascular crisis, and propose effective prevention and management of vascular crisis were restrospective analysis. Results From March 2006 to June 2007, 35 amputated digits occurred vascular crisis during intraoperative, 19 amputated digits occurred during postoperative. After using warm physiological saline and injecting the papaverine partly, we proceed operations research with regard to the non-catabatic amputated digits. As result 58 digits survived, the achievement ratio was 89.2%. From July 2007 to March 2009, 10 amputated digits occurred vascular crisis during intraoperative,5 amputated digits occurred during postoperative. After non-surgical treatment, we performed operations research regard to the non-catabatic amputated digits. After blood supply recover, we imbed PCA pump into flex tendinous sheath to avoid the occurrence of vascular crisis postoperative. As result 66 digits survived, the achievement ratio was 98.5%. postoperative 9 cases out of fullow-up, 89 cases follow up ranged from 6 to 8 months. Recovery of the hand function was good. Conclusion Good and adequate anesthetic and an appropriate ambient temperature during operation are important factors to prevent occurrence of vascular crisis in digital replantation. Paying enough attention to these factors can effectively improve the survival rate of replantatian.
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To study the relationship between the infection of human papillomavirus [HPV] type 16, type 18, the expression of surviving, and the mutation of p53 gene in lung squamous carcinoma tissue for the research of pathogenesis of lung carcinoma. This study was carried out at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Xiangfan Central Hospital of Hubei Province, China from September 2008 to May 2010. Forty-five specimens of lung squamous carcinoma tissue confirmed by histopathology were the excisional specimens taken by the Thoracic Surgery of Xiangfan Central Hospital. Normal tissue, closely adjacent to the fresh carcinoma specimens, was used as the control group for p53 gene mutation analysis. Sixteen surgical excisional specimens of benign lung disease were used as a control group of non-carcinomatous diseases. human papillomavirus DNA were detected by polymerase chain reaction [PCR], and we used the PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism-ethidium bromide [PCR-SSCP-EB] method to detect the mutations of the p53 gene. The expression of the surviving gene was detected by immunohistochemistry methods. Approximately 68.9% of 45 lung squamous carcinoma tissue had p53 gene mutations. The mutation rate of exon 5-8 p53 were 15.6%, 17.8%, 15.6% and 20%. Approximately 42.2% of lung squamous cell carcinoma samples were shown to be positive for HPV DNA expression and 62.2% were positive for surviving expression. There was an inverse correlation between the presence of HPV infections and mutaions of p53 gene; and the mutations of p53 gene and expression of surviving had a positive relationship. Mutation of p53 gene and HPV infection may facilitate each other in the generation of lung squamous cell carcinoma. abnormal expression of the surviving gene may take part in the onset and progression of lung squamous cell carcinoma
Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Papillomavirus Infections , Genes, p53 , Mutation , Human papillomavirus 16 , Human papillomavirus 18 , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Immunohistochemistry , Microtubule-Associated ProteinsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation treatment on hand burn, and to make a cost-effectiveness analysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-two patients with ninety-eight affected hands were divided into rehabilitation group (32 cases, 48 hands) and control group (30 cases, 50 hands). Patients in rehabilitation group received comprehensive rehabilitation treatment at early stage after burn; patients in control group were given instructions for function training at the same time. The functions of the hands to be restored including grasp, hold, pinch, nip, forearm pronation and supination, fetching, laying, and writing abilities of patients in both groups were quantitatively evaluated with Carroll's upper extremity function test before treatment and 5 months after. Direct medical costs of patients in both groups within 5 months were respectively added up to make a cost-effectiveness analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In rehabilitation group, function of digital opposition, palmar opposition, holding, and pinching of 37 hands recovered well, with which patients could pick food, put on clothes, go to toilet, and self-care etc. independently. Function of digital opposition, palmar opposition, holding, pinching half recovered in 7 hands, accompanied with well recovered of metacarpophalangeal function, but recovery of function of interphalangeal joint was less satisfactory. Although patients could grasp and hold, they were still poor in fine and harmonized activities. Joint ranges of motion of 4 hands were poor with limited function, and this was resulted from not strictly following treatment for remaining granulation wound. In control group, 23 hands received reconstructive surgery, 14 of them recovered with good function, but were poor in most of fine and harmonized activities. Severe claw hands were found in 13 hands. The ratio between total mean cost value and total function increment value in rehabilitation group (181 +/- 11) was obviously lower than that in control group (298 +/- 30, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Comprehensive rehabilitation treatment at early stage after hand burn has a good effect on prevention and treatment of hand deformity, promoting recovery of hand function and improving hand appearance. It is also less costly.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Burns , Rehabilitation , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Hand Injuries , Rehabilitation , Rehabilitation , Economics , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of static and dynamic splints on recovery of hand functions in burn patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-two burn patients with 52 injured hands were treated with orthotic splints (single or combined application) during different therapeutic stages. Carroll's upper limb functional test was used to evaluate the function of upper limbs and hands from rough to fine movements, including grasp, pinch, nip, forearm pronation and supination, fetching, etc. The hand functions were compared before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 7 hands with grade IV function, 15 hands with grade III, 23 hands with grade II, and 7 hands with grade I before treatment, while 9 hands achieved grade IV function, 28 hands grade V, 9 hands grade VI, and 6 hands grade III after treatment for three months. Twenty-eight patients with 46 hands recovered well enough to handle daily chores, including digital opposition, palmar opposition, grasp, pinch, etc.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The manual splints offer good effects on preventing and treatment scar contracture of hand after burn, and they can promote the recovery of hand functions.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Burns , Rehabilitation , Contracture , Hand , Physiology , Recovery of Function , SplintsABSTRACT
Objective Our previous study has shown that porcine antigen-primed and CD4 + T cells activated macrophages are capable of the ecognition and rejection of porcine xenografts but not mouse allografts, and therefore suggested the involvement of signaling between the graft and macrophages in this specific graft recognition and destruction. Methods NOD-SCID mice were transplanted with fetal pig pancreatic fragment (FPP) before adoptive transfer with exogenous macrophages isolated from rejecting FPP xenografts of BALB/c recipient mice. The exogenous macrophages were tracked by Ly5.1 surface antigen or via CSFE staining. Gene expression of CCR2 and CCR5 and their chemokines in transplanted FPP xenografts was evaluated by real-time PCR. Results After the adoptive transfer, recently transplanted but not established FPP xenografts were rejected by exogenous activated macrophages. In the meantime, greater level of chemokine gene expression was detected in recently-transplanted compared with the established xenografts. Furthermore, expression of both CCR2 and CCR5 genes was enhanced significantly in activated macrophages when compared with non-activated macrophages. Conclusion Upregulated chemokines were associated with macrophage recruitment and destruction of islet xenografts.
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@#Hyperplastic scar and contracture are two mainly respects that contribute to poor functional recovery of the patients after burn.The principles of prevention and management of the scar were reviewed in the article and the methods in facilitating functional recovery were also discussed as well.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the changes of L929 cell membrane with atomic force microscope (AFM) after infrasound exposure and to explore the mechanisms of effect of infrasound on cell membrane.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After primary culture, the L929 cells were exposed to infrasound with intensity output of 130 dB and frequency of 16 Hz 2 hours each day for 3 days. The subsequent changes in the membrane of the control cells and the cells exposed to the infrasound were determined by nano-scale scanning with AFM.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After infrasound exposure, the normal prominence of the membrane became short and the dent became shallow in the 7.5 microm x 7.5 microm and 4.0 microm x 4.0 microm photographs. The prominence appeared as cobblestones. The surface of the membrane became smooth.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The membrane structure of the L929 cells can be changed by infrasound exposure with intensity of 130 dB and frequency of 16 Hz. The change might be one of the characteristics of effect of infrasound on cell membrane.</p>